钢结构构件指主要由钢制材料组成的结构，是主要的建筑结构类型之一。结构主要由型钢和钢板等制成的钢梁、钢柱、钢桁架等构件组成，各构件或部件之间通常采用焊缝、螺栓或铆钉连接。因其自重较轻，且施工简便，广泛应用于大型厂房、场馆、超高层等领域。

钢结构构件在焊接过程中，有许多需要注意的事项，一旦疏忽，有可能铸成大错。

1、HANJIESHIGONGBUZHUYIXUANZEZUIJIADIANYA

【XIANXIANG】

HANJIESHIWULUNSHIDADI、TIANCHONG、GAIMIAN，BUGUANPOKOUCHICUNDAXIAO，JUNXUANZETONGYIDIANHUDIANYA。ZHEIYANGYOUKENENGDABUDAOYAOQIUDERONGSHEN、RONGKUAN，CHUXIANYAOBIAN、QIKONG、FEIJIANDENGQUEXIAN。

【CUOSHI】

YIBANZHENDUIBUTONGQINGKUANGYINGGAIFENBIEXUANZEXIANGYINGZHANGHUHUODUANHUNENGDEDAOJIAOHAODEHANJIEZHILIANGHEGONGZUOXIAOLV。LIRUDADIHANJIESHIWEILENENGDEDAOJIAOHAODERONGSHENYINGGAICAIYONGDUANHUCAOZUO，TIANCHONGHANHUOGAIMIANHANJIESHIWEILEDEDAOJIAOGAODEXIAOLVHERONGKUANKEYISHIDANGJIADADIANHUDIANYA。

2、HANJIEBUKONGZHIHANJIEDIANLIU

【XIANXIANG】

HANJIESHI，WEILEQIANGJINDU，DUIYUZHONGHOUBANDUIJIEHANFENGCAIQUBUKAIPOKOU。QIANGDUZHIBIAOXIAJIANG，SHENZHIDABUDAOBIAOZHUNYAOQIU，WANQUSHIYANSHICHUXIANLIEWEN，ZHEIYANGHUISHIHANFENGJIETOUXINGNENGBUNENGBAOZHENG，DUIJIEGOUANQUANGOUCHENGQIANZAIWEIHAI。

【CUOSHI】

HANJIESHIYAOANGONGYIPINGDINGZHONGDEHANJIEDIANLIUKONGZHI，YUNXUYOU10～15%FUDONG。POKOUDEDUNBIANCHICUNBUYICHAOGUO6mm。DUIJIESHI，BANHOUCHAOGUO6mmSHI，YAOKAIPOKOUJINXINGHANJIE。

3、BUZHUYIHANJIESUDUYUHANJIEDIANLIU，HANTIAOZHIJINGXIEDIAOSHIYONG

【XIANXIANG】

HANJIESHIBUZHUYIKONGZHIHANJIESUDUYUHANJIEDIANLIU，HANTIAOZHIJING、HANJIEWEIZHIXIEDIAOQILAISHIYONG。RUDUIQUANRONGTOUDEJIAOFENGJINXINGDADIHANSHI，YOUYUGENBUCHICUNZHAI，RUHANJIESUDUGUOKUAI，GENBUQITI、JIAZHAMEIYOUZUGOUDESHIJIANPAICHU，YISHIGENBUCHANSHENGWEIRONGTOU、JIAZHA、QIKONGDENGQUEXIAN；GAIMIANHANSHI，RUHANJIESUDUGUOKUAI，YEYICHANSHENGQIKONG；HANJIESUDUGUOMAN，ZEHANFENGYUGAOHUIGUOGAO，WAIXINGBUZHENGQI；HANJIEBOBANHUODUNBIANCHICUNXIAODEHANFENGSHI，HANJIESUDUTAIMAN，YICHUXIANSHAOCHUANDENGQINGKUANG。

【CUOSHI】

HANJIESUDUDUIHANJIEZHILIANGHEHANJIESHENGCHANXIAOLVYOUZHONGDAYINGXIANG，XUANYONGSHIPEIHEHANJIEDIANLIU、HANFENGWEIZHI（DADIHAN，TIANCHONGHAN，GAIMIANHAN）、HANFENGDEHOUBO、POKOUCHICUNXUANQUSHIDANGDEHANJIESUDU，ZAIBAOZHENGRONGTOU，QITI、HANZHAYIPAICHU，BUSHAOCHUAN，CHENGXINGLIANGHAODEQIANTIXIAXUANYONGJIAODADEHANJIESUDU，YITIGAOSHENGCHANLVXIAOLV。

4、SHIHANSHIBUZHUYIKONGZHIDIANHUZHANGDU

【XIANXIANG】

SHIHANSHIBUGENJUPOKOUXINGSHI、HANJIECENGSHU、HANJIEXINGSHI、HANTIAOXINGHAODENGSHIDANGDIAOZHENGDIANHUZHANGDU。YOUYUHANJIEDIANHUZHANGDUSHIYONGBUDANG，JIAONANDEDAOGAOZHILIANGDEHANFENG。

【CUOSHI】

WEILEBAOZHENGHANFENGZHILIANG，SHIHANSHIYIBANDUOCAIYONGDUANHUCAOZUO，DANKEYIGENJUBUTONGDEQINGKUANGXUANYONGHESHIDEHUZHANGYIHUODEZUIYOUDEHANJIEZHILIANG，RUVXINGPOKOUDUIJIE、JIAOJIEDECENGYINGSHIYONGDUANXIEDEDIANHU，YIBAOZHENGHANTOU，QIEBUFASHENGYAOBIANXIANXIANG，DIERCENGKEYISHAOZHANG，YITIANMANHANFENG。HANFENGJIANXIXIAOSHIYIYONGDUANHU，JIANXIDASHIDIANHUKESHAOZHANG，HANJIESUDUJIAKUAI。YANGHANDIANHUYINGZUIDUAN，YIFANGZHITIESHUIXIALIU；LIHAN、HENGHANSHIWEILEKONGZHIRONGCHIWENDU，YEYAOYONGXIAODIANLIU、DUANHUHANJIE。LINGWAI，WULUNCAIQUSHENMEHANJIE，ZAIYUNDONGGUOCHENGZHONGYAOZHUYISHIZHONGBAOCHIHUZHANGJIBENBUBIAN，YICIQUEBAOZHENGTIAOHANFENGDERONGKUANHERONGSHENYIZHI。

5、HANJIEBUZHUYIKONGZHIHANJIEBIANXING

【XIANXIANG】

HANJIESHIBUZHUYICONGHANJIESHUNXU、RENYUANBUZHI、POKOUXINGSHI、HANJIEGUIFANXUANYONGJICAOZUOFANGFADENGFANGMIANKONGZHIBIANXING，CONGERDAOZHIHANJIEHOUBIANXINGDA、JIAOZHENGKUNNAN、ZENGJIAFEIYONG，YOUQISHIHOUBANJIDAXINGGONGJIAN，JIAOZHENGNANDUDA，YONGJIXIEJIAOZHENGYIYINQILIEWENHUOCENGZHUANGSILIE。YONGHUOYANJIAOZHENGCHENGBENGAOQIECAOZUOBUHAOYIZAOCHENGGONGJIANGUORE。DUIJINGDUYAOQIUGAODEGONGJIAN，BUCAIQUYOUXIAOKONGZHIBIANXINGCUOSHI，HUIDAOZHIGONGJIANANZHUANGCHICUNDABUDAOSHIYONGYAOQIU，SHENZHIZAOCHENGFANGONGHUOBAOFEI。

【CUOSHI】

CAIYONGHELIDEHANJIESHUNXUBINGXUANYONGHESHIDEHANJIEGUIFANHECAOZUOFANGFA，HAIYAOCAIYONGFANBIANXINGHEGANGXINGGUDINGCUOSHI。

6、DUOCENGHANBULIANXUSHIHAN，BUZHUYIKONGZHICENGJIANWENDU

【XIANXIANG】

HOUBANDUOCENGHANJIESHI，BUZHUYICENGJIANWENDUKONGZHI，RUCENGJIANJIANGESHIJIANGUOZHANG，BUZHONGXINYUREJIUSHIHANRONGYIZAICENGJIANCHANSHENGLENGLIEWEN；RUGUOJIANGESHIJIANGUODUAN，CENGJIANWENDUGUOGAO（CHAOGUO900℃），DUIHANFENGJIREYINGXIANGQUDEXINGNENGYEHUICHANSHENGYINGXIANG，HUIZAOCHENGJINGLICUDA，ZHISHIRENXINGJISUXINGXIAJIANG，HUIDUIJIETOULIUXIAQIANZAIYINHUAN。

【CUOSHI】

HOUBANDUOCENGHANJIESHI，YINGJIAQIANGDUICENGJIANWENDUDEKONGZHI，ZAILIANXUSHIHANGUOCHENGZHONGYINGJIANYANHANJIEDEMUCAIWENDU，SHICENGJIANWENDUJINLIANGNENGYUYUREWENDUBAOCHIYIZHI，DUICENGJIANDEZUIGAOWENDUYEYAOJIAYIKONGZHI。HANJIESHIJIANBUYINGGUOZHANG，RUYUYOUHANJIEZHONGDUANDEQINGKUANGSHIYINGCAIQUSHIDANGDEHOURE、BAOWENCUOSHI，ZAICISHIHANSHI，ZHONGXINYUREWENDUYINGSHIDANGGAOYUCHUSHIYUREWENDU。

7、DUOCENGHANFENGBUQINGCHUHANZHAJIHANFENGBIAOMIANYOUQUEXIANJIUJINXINGXIACENGHANJIE

【XIANXIANG】

HOUBANDUOCENGHANJIESHI，MEICENGHANJIEWANCHENGHOUBUQINGCHUHANZHAJIQUEXIANJIUZHIJIEJINXINGXIACENGHANJIE，YIZAOCHENGHANFENGCHANSHENGJIAZHA、QIKONG、LIEWENDENGQUEXIAN，JIANGDILIANJIEQIANGDU，TONGSHIHUIYINQIXIACENGHANJIESHIDEFEIJIAN。

【CUOSHI】

HOUBANDUOCENGHANJIESHI，MEICENGYINGLIANXUSHIHAN。MEIYICENGHANFENGHANWANYIHOUYINGJISHIQINGCHUHANZHA、HANFENGBIAOMIANQUEXIANJIFEIJIANWU，FAXIANYOUYINGXIANGHANJIEZHILIANGDEJIAZHA、QIKONG、LIEWENDENGQUEXIANYINGCHEDIQINGCHUHOUZAISHIHAN。

8、YAOQIURONGTOUDEJIETOUDUIJIEHUOJIAODUIJIEZUHEHANFENGHANJIAOCHICUNBUGOU

【XIANXIANG】

TXINGJIETOU、SHIZIJIETOU、JIAOJIEJIETOUDENGYAOQIURONGTOUDEDUIJIEHUOJIAODUIJIEZUHEHANFENG，QIHANJIAOCHICUNBUGOU，HUOSHEJIYOUPILAOYANSUANYAOQIUDEDIAOCHELIANGHUOLEISIGOUJIANDEFUBANYUSHANGYIBANYUANLIANJIEHANFENGDEHANJIAOCHICUNBUGOU，HUISHIHANJIEDEQIANGDUHEGANGDUJUNDABUDAOSHEJIDEYAOQIU。

【CUOSHI】

TXINGJIETOU、SHIZIJIETOU、JIAOJIEJIETOUDENGYAOQIURONGTOUDEDUIJIEZUHEHANFENG，YINGANZHAOSHEJIYAOQIU，BIXUYOUZUGOUDEHANJIAOYAOQIU，YIBANHANJIAOCHICUNBUYINGXIAOYU0.25t（tWEILIANJIECHUJIAOBODEBANHOU）。SHEJIYOUPILAOYANSUANYAOQIUDEDIAOCHELIANGHUOLEISIDEFUBANYUSHANGYIYUANLIANJIEHANFENGDEHANJIAOCHICUN0.5t,QIEBUYINGDAYU10mm。HANJIECHICUNDERONGXUPIANCHAWEI0～4mm。

9、HANJIEZAIJIETOUJIANXIZHONGSAIHANTIAOTOUHUOTIEKUAI

【XIANXIANG】

YOUYUHANJIESHINANYIJIANGHANTIAOTOUHUOTIEKUAIYUBEIHANJIANRONGWEIYITI，HUIZAOCHENGWEIRONGHE，WEIRONGTOUDENGHANJIEQUEXIAN，JIANGDILIANJIEQIANGDU。RUYONGSHENGXIUDEHANTIAOTOU、TIEKUAITIANCHONG，NANYIBAOZHENGYUMUCAIDECAIZHIYIZHI；RUYONGYOUYOUWU、ZAZHIDENGDEHANTIAOTOU、TIEKUAITIANCHONG，HUISHIHANFENGCHANSHENGQIKONG、JIAZHA、LIEWENDENGQUEXIAN。ZHEIXIEQINGKUANGJUNHUISHIJIETOUDEHANFENGZHILIANGDADAJIANGDI，DABUDAOSHEJIHEGUIFANDUIHANFENGDEZHILIANGYAOQIU。

【CUOSHI】

（1）DANGGONGJIANZUZHUANGJIANXIHENDA，DANMEIYOUCHAOGUOGUIDINGYUNXUSHIYONGDEFANWEI，ZUZHUANGJIANXICHAOGUOBOBANBANHOU2BEIHUODAYU20mmSHI，YINGYONGDUIHANFANGFATIANPINGAOXIANBUWEIHUOJIANXIAOZUZHUANGJIANXI。YANJINZAIJIETOUJIANXIZHONGCAIYONGTIANSAIHANTIAOTOUHUOTIEKUAIBUHANDEFANGFA。

（2）LINGJIANJIAGONGHUAXIANSHI，YINGZHUYILIUZUQIEGEYULIANGJIQIEGEHOUDEHANJIESHOUSUOYULIANG，KONGZHIHAOLINGJIANCHICUN，BUYAOYIZENGJIAJIANXILAIBAOZHENGWAIXINGCHICUN。

10、CAIYONGBUTONGHOUDUJIKUANDUDEBANCAIDUIJIESHI，BUPINGHUANGUODU

【XIANXIANG】

CAIYONGBUTONGHOUDUJIKUANDUDEBANCAIDUIJIESHI，BUZHUYIBANDEHOUDUCHASHIFOUZAIBIAOZHUNYUNXUFANWEINEI。RUBUZAIYUNXUFANWEINEIQIEBUZUOPINGHUANGUODUCHULI，HANFENGZAIGAOCHUBOBANHOUDUCHUYIYINQIYINGLIJIZHONGHECHANSHENGWEIRONGHEDENGHANJIEQUEXIAN，YINGXIANGHANJIEZHILIANG。

【CUOSHI】

DANGCHAOGUOYOUGUANGUIDINGSHIYINGJIANGHANFENGHANCHENGXIEPOZHUANG，QIPODUZUIDAYUNXUZHIYINGWEI1：2.5；HUOHOUDUDEYIMIANHUOLIANGMIANZAIHANJIEQIANJIAGONGCHENGXIEPO，QIEPODUZUIDAYUNXUZHIWEI1：2.5，DANGZHIJIECHENGSHOUDONGZAIHEQIEXUYAOJINXINGPILAOYANSUANDEJIEGOUXIEPOPODUBUYINGDAYU1：4。BUTONGKUANDUDEBANCAIDUIJIESHI，YINGGENJUGONGCHANGJIGONGDITIAOJIANCAIYONGREQIEGE，JIXIEJIAGONGHUOSHALUNDAMODEFANGFASHIQIPINGHUANGUODU，QIEQILIANJIECHUZUIDAYUNXUPODUZHIWEI1：2.5。

11、DUIYOUJIAOCHAHANFENGDEGOUJIANBUZHUYIHANJIESHUNXU

【XIANXIANG】

DUIYOUJIAOCHAHANFENGDEGOUJIAN，BUZHUYITONGGUOFENXIHANJIEYINGLISHIFANGHEHANJIEYINGLIDUIGOUJIANBIANXINGDEYINGXIANGERHELIANPAIHANJIESHUNXU，ERSHIZONGHENGSUIYISHIHAN，JIEGUOHUIZAOCHENGZONGHENGFENGHUXIANGYUESHU，CHANSHENGJIAODADEWENDUSHOUSUOYINGLI，SHIBANBIANXING，BANMIANAOTUBUPING，BINGYOUKENENGSHIHANFENGCHUXIANLIEWEN。

【CUOSHI】

DUIYOUJIAOCHAHANFENGDEGOUJIAN，YINGZHIDINGHELIDEHANJIESHUNXU。DANGYOUJIZHONGZONGHENGJIAOCHAHANFENGSHIHANSHI，YINGXIANHANSHOUSUOBIANXINGJIAODADEHENGFENG，ERHOUHANZONGXIANGHANFENG，ZHEIYANGHANJIEHENGXIANGHANFENGSHIBUHUISHOUDAOZONGXIANGHANFENGDEYUESHU，SHIHENGFENGDESHOUSUOYINGLIZAIWUYUESHUDEQINGKUANGXIADEDAOSHIFANG，KEJIANSHAOHANJIEBIANXING，BAOZHENGHANFENGZHILIANG，HUOXIANHANJIEDUIJIEHANFENGHOUHANJIAOHANFENG。

12、XINGGANGGANJIANDAJIEJIETOUCAIYONGWEIHANSHI，ZAIZHUANJIAOCHULIANXUSHIHAN

【XIANXIANG】

XINGGANGGANJIANYULIANXUBANDAJIEJIETOUCAIYONGWEIHANSHI，CAIYONGXIANHANGANJIANLIANGCEHANFENG，HOUHANDUANTOUHANFENG，BULIANXUSHIHAN。ZHEIYANGSUIDUIJIANXIAOHANJIEBIANXINGYOULI，DANZAIGANJIANZHUANJIAOCHUYICHANSHENGYINGLIJIZHONGHEHANJIEQUEXIAN，YINGXIANGHANJIEJIETOUZHILIANG。

【CUOSHI】

XINGGANGGANJIANDAJIEJIETOUCAIYONGWEIHANSHI，YINGZAIZHUANJIAOCHUYICILIANXUSHIHANWANCHENG，BUYAOHANDAOZHUANJIAOCHUYOUPAODAOLINGYICEQUHANJIE。

13、YAOQIUDENGQIANGDUIJIE，DIAOCHELIANGYIBANYUFUBANLIANGDUANBUSHEYINHUBANHEYINCHUBAN

【XIANXIANG】

ZAIHANJIEDUIJIEHANFENG，QUANRONGTOUJIAOHANFENG，DIAOCHELIANGYIYUANBANYUFUBANDEHANFENGSHI，ZAIYINHUHEYINCHUCHUBUJIASHEYINHUBANHEYINCHUBAN，ZHEIYANGZAIHANJIEQIZHIDUANSHI，YOUYUDIANLIUDIANYABUGOUWENDING，QIZHIDIANDEWENDUYEBUGOUWENDING，RONGYIDAOZHICHUXIANQIZHIDUANHANFENGYOUWEIRONGHE，WEIRONGTOU、LIEWEN、JIAZHA、QIKONGDENGQUEXIAN，JIANGDIHANFENGQIANGDU，DABUDAOSHEJIYAOQIU。

【CUOSHI】

ZAIHANJIEDUIJIEHANFENG，QUANRONGTOUJIAOHANFENGYIJIDIAOCHELIANGYIBANYUFUBANDEHANFENGSHI，YINGZAIHANFENGLIANGDUANSHEYINHUBANHEYINCHUBAN，QIZUOYONGSHIJIANGLIANGDUANYICHANSHENGQUEXIANDEBUFENYINDAOGONGJIANWAIHOU，ZAIJIANGQUEXIANBUFENGEDIAOLAIBAOZHENGHANFENGDEZHILIANG。